A well-established practical and predictive measure of complete wound healing over the longer term (24 weeks) is per cent change in wound area over the first 4 weeks. However, certain conditions have the potential to delay healing and signs may indicate stalled healing: infection, ischaemia, or abnormal inflammation, with impaired inflammatory response often being self-perpetuating. Non-healing wounds contain microbial, biochemical or cellular abnormalities that delay healing progression, with biofilm presence often implicated.