<p>Tobacco smoke (TS) is a key mortality risk factor leading to almost one in four deaths in the USA and approximately six million smoking-related deaths per year worldwide. TS is a complex aerosol of toxic constituents containing more than 400 elements in either the particulate or gaseous state, which affect the human cardiovascular, respiratory and skin organ systems. Given that TS can directly or indirectly affect human organ systems, numerous studies have linked TS to skin conditions such as premature skin ageing, skin cancer, and skin infections. Similarly, studies have shown the detrimental effects of TS in relation to wounds and in particular with regards to a delay in wound healing (WH). </p>